Responsible personality and personal responsibility: the dialectic of categorical complementarity

Abstract

The article analyzes the reasons for the need to develop and affirm the responsibility of the individual, which is an indispensable condition for the formation of our country; this is due to the fact that the well-being of both an individual family, group, and the state as a whole depends on it. It is found that responsibility as a property-trait of the character of the individual is manifested in all spheres of human existence. It is substantiated that the category of “responsibility” in socio-humanitarian science is highlighted both in its relationship with the content of the concept of “personality” and in its interrelation with a person’s cognitive states, their behavior, activities, actions, duty to others, etc. It is studied that in various scientific fields, ancient Greek thinkers (Aristotle, Democritus, Kant, Plato, Socrates) explained obligation as freedom of choice, will and means of existence, as a way for a person to realize his life role or status. In addition, it was often considered as a form of activity of a person or group of people in the process of social interaction, which involves the observance by each and all of subjective obligations to the whole (team, collective, community, humanity) and, most importantly, the personal responsibility of the person to himself for what was said, done, created, and committed. For the first time, the author’s coverage of retrospective and prospective views-ideas on understanding the ontophenomenal reality of responsibility in philosophical and psychological cognition within the framework of the relationship “man – society – world”, the fundamental postulates of the social-cognitive direction in psychology, the fundamentals of humanistic psychology, theoretical approaches to the study of human responsibility as an active subject of life and life path, worldview principles for understanding responsibility as a social phenomenon and a manifestation of the moral maturity of the individual, the contexts of professional development, and the ideas of the principle of responsibility in the format “man – technology – technological civilization”. The significance and role of the multifaceted range of action-manifestation of the phenomenon of responsibility in the co-vital everyday life of an individual is described, which appears, on the one hand, as a social factor and an internal factor of its formation, on the other – as an indicator of its socio-cultural maturity. The polar strategies for the development of responsibility as a property-traits of a person as an individual are highlighted. For the first time, a methodological model of dialectical complementarity of the conceptual and categorical relationship of the theoretical constructs of responsible personality and personal responsibility has been created. The author’s transition from personal obligation to personal accountability and to a responsible personality has been analyzed. Types of personal responsibility (legal, economic, civil, political, ecological, psychological, professional, moral and ethical) have been distinguished, which, when projected onto social reality, are varieties of social accountability. The internal and external structures of responsibility are argued, and it is also proven that the first is mainly interconnected with personal responsibility, and the second with a responsible personality; it is substantiated that responsibility in modern science is used as, firstly, a concept, secondly, an interdisciplinary concept, thirdly, a category of socio-humanitarian science and, fourthly, as a worldview universal. The author’s formula of the action-canonical stages of the formation of a responsible personality is proposed.