Psychohygiene as a disciplinary direction of psychological science

Abstract

The article reveals the purpose of psychology as a field of knowledge related to the life sciences, and aims to learn as much as possible about the mental life of all living beings on our planet, and therefore life in general, although most in the second century of its scientific design is primarily interested in its own representations and their communities. The division into currents, directions, specializations, experiments studied by R. Trach is given, which reflects parts of integrity in the study of human mental life, which when combined do not reflect human integrity. It is noted that this natural general civilizational tendency to restore lost in the scientific period knowledge of integrity led to the need to develop a vitacultural methodology, ie a methodology for the culture of human life. The guidelines of V.A. Romenets are presented, which at the beginning of the XXI century were embodied in the development by A.V. Furman of the vitacultural methodology of psychological knowledge, presented in the metaphor of the mill of human life and cultural heritage by its thinking. A.V. Furman’s restoration of the subject field of psychological knowledge in the outlines of canonical psychology as defined by V.A. Roments as the most natural form of psychology as a science is revealed. The definition of psychohygiene as a system of means used by man and society as a whole to maintain their own mental health and, consequently, health as a whole, which does not exist without this essential property, is substantiated. In particular, it is clarified that these tools are contained in the mental health of man and in society itself and are unconsciously required in everyday life, just as the need for homeostasis is not realized until the need for special efforts to maintain the integrity of its own functioning. The article presents the methodological foundations of psychohygienic conditionality of the development of psychological theories, their general civilization and individually significant for human demand in the practical context of maintaining mental health in communities where its vital functioning; revealed the cyclical nature of the development of psychohygiene in conjunction with the psychological expression of the respective societies and communities of risks and threats to their own integrity, life purpose and the unimpeded realization of their natural capabilities. The section “Strengthening Mental Health: Strengthening the Response of the World Health Organization” outlines WHO’s approaches to promoting and protecting mental health worldwide. Ways to enhance the WHO response to mental health are specified, including early intervention, child support, socio-economic empowerment of women, social support for the elderly, vulnerable people, including minorities, indigenous peoples, migrants and affected by conflict, mental health advocacy, mental health interventions at work, housing policy, violence prevention, community development, poverty reduction and social protection of the poor, anti-discrimination laws and campaigns, promotion of rights, opportunities and care people with mental disorders. The sections devoted to the world development of the methodology, theory and practice of psychohygiene are presented chronologically: “Development of psychological knowledge and psychohygiene. The last third of the XIX – beginning of the XX century: emergence in Ukraine “,” The first third of the XX century: theoretical and practical rise and development in Ukraine “,” 60s of the XX - the first decades of the XXI century: the return of the forgotten “. It has been proven that the psychological content of psychohygiene is the purpose of all branches of psychological knowledge to create a mental culture of a person, including the culture of his own mental health. The tendencies of the current state of development of theoretical and methodological problems of psychohygiene are presented, which testify to the irreversible process of restoring the humanistic orientation of public consciousness, and with it - the appeal of psychological research to the problems of pedagogical tact, attentiveness, caution, respect for human dignity, mental and physical health. I am a person who has a particularly significant tradition in Ukrainian psychological culture. It is noted that this tradition is a reflection of the extremely tragic history of the development of phylogenetic conditions for the preservation of the life of the Ukrainian nation during the last millennium.