Eight crime factor model for youths in Mexican violence contexts

Authors

  • Sara-Margarita Chavez-Valdez Doctor of Philosophy, Principal Research Fellow, Department of Research, Free School of Psychology, University of Behavioral Sciences, Member of the Mexican National System of Social and Medical Psychology in Communities of Violence, Perceptions of Violence and Risk ; a research associate at Mexico in Arizona and the Texas Research Cluster on Latin American Migrant Social Fear Studies, Chihuahua, Mexico. Mexico http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0714-5379
  • Oscar Armando Esparza del Villar PhD student in Psychology at the Autonomous University of Ciudad Juarez, Lecturer, Member of the National System for Researchers in Mexico, Chihuahua, Mexico. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7313-3766
  • Leticia Rios Velasco Moreno Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Professor at the Autonomous University of de Ciudad Juarez, Member of the National System of Researchers of Mexico First Level, Member of the Academic Group "Clinical and Medical Psychology, Violence and the Family" in Scientific Areas: "Violence, Culture and the Seven , Health Research, Psychopathology and Systems ”, Chihuahua, Mexico. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5480-4651
  • Dennis Relojo-Howell MSc, MBPsS, Founder and Editor-in-Chief of Psychreg Journal of Psychology, Fellow of the International Society for Critical Health Psychology, Fellow of the British Psychological Society, Master of Psychology at Hertfordshire University, UK. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8898-2077

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35774/pis2019.02.098

Keywords:

collective effectiveness, collective fear, coping styles, posttraumatic stress, youth

Abstract

The impact of youth violent interactions promoted by: collective fear, and individual coping strategies: youth coping mechanisms, posttraumatic stress traits, measured individually but considered at a collective level and identified as PTSD traits in a community, and social vulnerability as predictors of multifactorial high violence social contexts, are the main psychological mechanisms that Diagnostic on Vulnerability Effectiveness model (DOVE-8) consider as multifactorial factors underpinning cycles of violence, the priority for this diagnostic model examine abovementioned constructs and their association in youth’s efficacy, as a collective outcome, DOVE-8 analysis model states that teenagers dealing with specific or widespread fear in violent scenarios, develop certain coping strategies, that furthermore strengthen collective fear. Gradually, an impact on life quality is established, promoting unhealthier mental states and poor social relationships, that consolidate a collective inefficacy, in addition, particular associations were found between high impact crimes and above cited main constructs, that provide a research tool to provide insight into: main fears, coping mechanisms and youth outcomes translated into social ineffectiveness such as: low cohesion, tolerance, participation and respect to law and social norms. Youth cope can be explained by cognitive and physical strategies. Several traits of posttraumatic stress can promote physiological arousal, followed by emotional or affective coping at violent stimuli or criminal events and, all abovementioned become predictors of crime fear, also known as social anxiety, especially in youth communities with high socio economic and cultural vulnerability. Confronting cognitively a context of violence triggers a rise on risk perception, basically, in privileged- low vulnerability groups with crucial health implications, unnecessary high expenses to cope with crime expectancies in private security at a household level, and stressful fearful coping strategies such as: information distortion, discriminatory processes, low social cohesion, fear based reactions to confront crime, a factor that seen at a glance, might diminish criminal widespread or emotional fear, undoubtedly, this fear type was not found in high vulnerability groups under study. Risk perception was a specific fear commonly found in youth groups with low vulnerability. Both diverse type of fears: specific (risk perception) and widespread fear (social anxiety /crime fear), gather together in a heterogeneous youth community, diminishing collective effectiveness: promoting poor cohesion, low tolerance, discrimination processes, lower levels of social agency, recurrent violent cycles arousals in the community, among other consequences.

Author Biography

  • Sara-Margarita Chavez-Valdez, Doctor of Philosophy, Principal Research Fellow, Department of Research, Free School of Psychology, University of Behavioral Sciences, Member of the Mexican National System of Social and Medical Psychology in Communities of Violence, Perceptions of Violence and Risk ; a research associate at Mexico in Arizona and the Texas Research Cluster on Latin American Migrant Social Fear Studies, Chihuahua, Mexico. Mexico

    International Researcher

    Collaborator for PTC (program of Transborder Communities) Arizona State University (2017) In the “Testing of the use of Expressive Arts for the Reduction of Collective Fear in 

    Borderlands Youth” helping in the deep and texturing understanding of collective fear around the northern Mexican border, this approach had the aim to significantly improve 

    the subjective, affective and psychological experience of youth challenged by the social and political realities of living in the borderlands where collective fear is clearly having 

    an impact on lives today. Member of the SNI (National System of Researchers-México), a distinction given to ranked researchers in México

     

    3. Place of work:   Escuela Libre de Psicología, A.C.- Universidad de Ciencias del Comportamiento 

    (undergraduate and graduate programs on psychology, social psychology, educational and organizational psychology, in Chihuahua, Chihuahua, México), lecturer on: Social 

    and Health Psychology, Violence and Family with research lines on: ” Violence, Culture and Family, Health research, psychopathology, social and behavioral statistics, multiple 

    regression and SEM Equation Modelling

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How to Cite

Chavez-Valdez, Sara-Margarita, et al. “Eight Crime Factor Model for Youths in Mexican Violence Contexts”. Psyhology & Society, vol. 76, no. 2, Aug. 2019, pp. 98-107, https://doi.org/10.35774/pis2019.02.098.