Tolerance as a general human value and a psychosocial phenomenon

Authors

  • Mariya Piren Doctor of Sociology, Professor, Honored Scientist and Technician of Ukraine, Professor of the Department of Pedagogy and Social Work of Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Chernivtsi. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8892-750X
  • Olena Vasylkiv Candidate of Philology, Associate Professor of the Department of Psychology and Social Work, Head of the Information and Public Relations Department of Ternopil National Economic University, Ternopil. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7017-8299

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35774/pis2019.02.108

Keywords:

a human, society, toleration, the essence of toleration, tolerance, interaction

Abstract

The article analyzes toleration as a significant human and social phenomenon. Is highlighted the complexity of the essential psychosocial specification of this integral trait-quality – human interaction. The importance of considering this universal value in the process of resolving problematic situations, especially in overcoming interethnic conflicts, is emphasized. It is argued that toleration was initially understood as referring to another predominantly in a religious context, and later, due to the growth of secularization processes, it was regarded as a regulative mechanism of human relations, as a norm of civilized relations, as a factor of interpersonal understanding, as social cost. At the same time, this scientific research concludes that toleration is a kind of tolerance. These two concepts are known to be important concepts of modern researches, where they emerge as peculiar categories of culture or world-view universals, on the one hand, are singled out as integral personal traits of human – on the other. The formula (proposed by A. V. Furman in 2013) that tolerance is directly proportional to understanding multiplied by toleration (numerator) and inversely proportional to disrespect multiplied by aggression (numerator) has been supported. In addition, the idea that toleration that promotes harmony and progress is not just permissiveness, not tolerate attitude towards injustice, not abandonment of one’s preferences, but a way to pondering of one’s own actions and make constructive decisions. The differences in the development of tolerant consciousness of modern Russians and Ukrainians are highlighted separately: the world of first ones is filled with a climate of aggression and greed, and the second ones – is mainly filled with toleration and tolerance.

References

Deklaratsiya principov tolerantntosti , utverdzhena rezolyutsiey 5.61. Generalnoy konferentsii UNESKO ot 16 noyabrya 1995 goda [Declaration of Tolerance, approved by resolution 5.61. UNESCO General Conference of 16 November 1995]. URL: http//zakon4.rada.gov.ua/ilaws/show/995-503/print1390217521886403. [in Russian].

Krymskyi, S. (2008). Pid syhnaturoiu Sofii [Under the signature of Sofia]. Kyiv: Vyd. dim “Kyievo-Mohylianska akademiia” [in Ukrainian].

Liptsev, A. (2006). Orhanizatsiini tsinnosti u strukturi orhanizatsiinoi kultury derzhavnoi ustanovy [Organizational values in the structure of the organizational culture of the state institution]. Aktualni problemy derzhavnoho upravlinnia; V.V. Korzhenko & co (Eds.). Kharkiv: Vyd-vo Kharkiv, NADU “Mahistr”, 484–493. [in Ukrainian].

Melihov, A. (2007). Natsionalnaya terpimost: eticheskiy minimum ili nedosyagaemaya mechta? [National tolerance: an ethical minimum or an unattainable dream?]. Neva – Neva, 6, 167–181 [in Russian].

Piren, M. I. (2013). Polityko-upravlinska elita Ukrainy: sotsiopsykholohichnyi analiz [Political and management elite of Ukraine: sociopsychological analysis]. Chernivtsi: ChNU [in Ukrainian].

Miasoid, P. A. & Furman, A. V. (2012). (Eds.). Psykholohiia vchynku: shliakhy tvorchosti V. A. Romentsia. [Psychology of action: ways of creativity V.A. Romentsia]. Kyiv: Lybid [in Ukrainian].

Savchyn, M. V. (2010). Dukhovnyi potentsial liudyny [The spiritual potential of man], (2 vol.). Ivano-Frankivsk: Misto NV [in Ukrainian].

Sviate Yevanheliie (2004). [Holy Gospel]. Ukr. Orthodox Churches: Poltavska Yeparkhiia. B.ch. Spaso-Preobrazhen. Mehar. Monastyr [in Ukrainian].

Sorokin, P. A. (1992). Chelovek. Tsivilizatsiya. Obschestvo [Human. Civilization. Society] Sogomonov, A. Y. (Ed.). (trans. English). Moscow: Politizdat [in Russian].

Uoltser, M. (2000). O terpimosti [About tolerance]. (trans. English by I. Myunberg). Moscow: Ideya-Press, Dom intell. knigi [in Russian].

Ford, L. (2006). Preobrazhayuschee liderstvo. Kniga o videnii, tsennostyah i peremenah, kotoryim lider uchitsya u Iisusa [Transformational Leadership. The book on the vision, values and changes that the leader learns from Jesus]. Simferopol [in Russian].

Furman, A. V. (2013). Geneza tolerantnosti ta perspektyvy ukrainotvorennia [Genesis of Tolerance and Prospects for Ukrainian Creation]. Psykholohiia i suspilstvo – Psychology and Society, 1, 6–20. [in Ukrainian].

Furman, A. V. (2016). Ideia i zmist profesiinoho metolohuvannia [The idea and content of professional methodologization]. Ternopil: TNEU [in Ukrainian].

Chaputovich, Y. (2006). Funktsionuvannia derzhavy i suspilnyi capital [Functioning of the state and public capital]. Nezalezhnyi kulturolohichnyi chasopys – Independent cultural magazine, 45, URL: http://www.ji.iviv.ua/n45text/czaputowicz.htm [in Ukrainian].

Shopengauer, A. (1992). Svoboda voli i nravstvennost [Freedom of will and morality]. Moscow: Respublika [in Russian].

Downloads

Issue

No. 2 (2019): PSYCHOLOGY & SOCIETY

Section

Статті

License

1. PROPOSED POLICY FOR JOURNALS THAT OFFER OPEN ACCESS


Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

    1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

    1. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.

    1. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).



2. PROPOSED POLICY FOR JOURNALS THAT OFFER DELAYED OPEN ACCESS


Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

    1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication, with the work [SPECIFY PERIOD OF TIME] after publication simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

    1. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.

  1. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).

How to Cite

Piren, Mariya, and Olena Vasylkiv. “Tolerance As a General Human Value and a Psychosocial Phenomenon”. Psyhology & Society, vol. 76, no. 2, Aug. 2019, pp. 108-14, https://doi.org/10.35774/pis2019.02.108.